![]() ![]() The aircraft carrier ‘Implacable’ was to bring further reinforcements from the United Kingdom towards the end of the week.” Thus, as he stood there in disbelief in his pajamas and slippers, police raided his home, taking away “papers, books and a recording machine,” while “downstairs, said Jagan, the police were digging up the floor of my garage.”1 If there was any consolation, Jagan’s was not the only home ransacked, as “about 40 homes and offices” of other leaders of his People’s Progressive Party were invaded. But now, as he recalled later, London had had quite enough of his months in office, as “the cruiser ‘Superb’ and the frigates ‘Bigbury Bay’ and ‘Burghead Bay’ were steaming from Bermuda. He had only recently come to power-or as much power as this man of South Asian origin could assume in a British colony. It was a bright sunny day in early October 1953 in Georgetown, British Guiana, the only predominantly English-speaking nation in South America, not far from the Caribbean Sea. However, as the Caribbean left declined as the Cold War accelerated, like others he was not able to fulfill his initial progressive promise. Like many other leaders in the region, he emerged from the labor movement. Robert Bradshaw, founding father of independent St. Similarly, as Caribbean nations surged to independence after the war, their reluctance to accept the dictates of Jim Crow played an essential role in the crumbling of this system. influence there during the war.Ī sign in a Harlem window in 1943 suggests the continuing influence of Marcus Garvey: There was an influx of laborers from the Caribbean to the United States during the war. national security, which led to increased U.S. Soldiers from the United States engage in maneuvers during World War II in the British West Indies: This region was critical to the protection of U.S. Kitts suggest, housing for the working class in the region was not commodious. These Jamaican women breaking and carrying rocks in early twentieth-century Jamaica symbolize the difficulties in surviving under the harsh conditions faced by Caribbean labor.Īs these dwellings in early twentieth-century St. Operations at bauxite mine in British Guiana, 1948: London’s Caribbean colonies produced untold wealth, including bauxite, petroleum, and numerous agricultural products. Paul Southwell, holding placard Joseph Nathaniel France, wearing light-colored suit with white hat F. West Indies, British- Foreign relations-United States. United States- Foreign relations-West Indies, British. West Indies, British- History-Autonomy and independence movements. ![]() Labor movement-West Indies, British-History. ![]() Includes bibliographical references and index. The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences- Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Horne, Gerald, 1949– Cold War in a hot zone: labor and independence struggles in the British West Indies / Gerald Horne. Temple University, Philadelphia 19122 Copyright © 2007 by Temple University Press All rights reserved Published 2007 Printed in the United States of America Williams, to France’s left) Courtesy National Archives of St. Paul Southwell, holding placard Joseph Nathaniel France, wearing light colored suit with white hat F.T. Gerald Horne, Moores Professor of History & African-American Studies at the University of Houston, is the author of many books including Black & Brown: African-Americans and the Mexican Revolution, 1910–1920 and The Deepest South: The U.S., Brazil and the African Slave Trade.Ĭover photograph: Demonstration against British colonialism in St. Cold War in a Hot Zone The United States Confronts Labor and Independence Struggles in the British West Indies
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